I fail to see how anyone in Valoran would be shunned for being an orphan. Orphans seem to end up being Champions pretty often. Or Batman.
That aside, I don't think having his cooldowns scale with level is a good idea. For such a combo based champion, I think the energy costs should be enough to keep him from going rampant. If anything, having things start out with a high energy cost and lowering their cost as they level to let him combo them longer could be an interesting kit progression. His passive seems a bit too unforgiving. Half a second to land another strike is an absurdly short amount of time. Also, having his passive not scale with level makes him monstrous early game, but he falls off late game phenomenally quickly.
Conceptually, though, I like him. Combo-matic and with a lot of cool potential builds for him. He makes an interesting mirror to Lee Sin's careful, controlled style of combos with focus on his mobility. Malik would just rush in and smash all of them, style notwithstanding.