IF you're looking for straight out AP rush, your best bet would probably be something like
Mejai's (1845)
Blasting Wand (860)
Blasting Wand (860)
Zhonya's (1975)
That costs 5540 and gives you 300 AP. That's the cheapest AP to cost ratio I can think of, and gets you an early Zhonya's (+25% to all future items. Massively useful).
I can't think of any way to match it if we're looking at pure AP. RoA is nice, but mainly for its other stats - For AP you're getting the equivalent of 2 Blasting Wands and its costing more.
The next step for improving that above build is pretty easy.
Mejai's (1845)
Zhonya's (3695)
Blasting Wand (860)
Blasting Wand (860)
Blasting Wand (860)
450 AP for 8120
That sets you up for your Rylai's, RoA and Abyssal in the way that returns the most AP. You'd also throw in a Sorc Boots in there.
Bait - I assume he's looking for the best balance - Quick and efficient. My method above does that. Yes, you can get more, but only for a significantly higher gold investment.
Mine costs 5540 for 300 AP. That's ~18 gold per point of AP. Archangel's costs 2890, and returns AP based upon your characters mana, which makes it difficult. If we assume Kassadin (Because he has about 1k mana at 18, so its easy) that means your 5 Archangel's and Zhonya's will put you to about 4100 Mana (83 AP from that passive). Overall, about 925AP. So, yeah, it provides 3 times the AP of my initial build (And twice of my bigger one), but costs 18k gold. Its slightly less efficient than just going Mejai's, Zhonya's (19gold per AP, as opposed to 18)