At level 30, how do you become ranked and receive an ELO? Is there a certain amount of ranked games you must play?

I think you need to play 10. The first few games you play your elo gain/loss will be massively inflated, so that you can settle in more quickly to your "true" elo or whatever. It's really high for the first 10, theni think you get ranked (and still some extra gain/loss for the next 10+ games i believe).

When i make a room i cant see my win and lose ratio... How can i make that show up?

At level 30, you get an extra ranked option in the usual blind pick/draft mode column. Before going into ranked, you have to have atleast 16 champions including free week champions or it wont allow you to play ranked. This is 16 because if the 6 bans + 10 picks. If by coincidence the 6 bans + 9 other picks were champions you have, you'd still have one champion to choose.

To gain/lose elo is through dodging champion selects, and winning/losing games. Beware of the first 10 ranked games because those games are about +/- 50 elo compared to the normal +/- 10 to 15 elo.

The ranked win/lose ratio shows up after your first game. You just look at your profile and it should be there. However you wont see your elo until after a couple games

You will appear on the ladders (http://competitive.na.leagueoflegends.com/ladders/na/current/rankedsolo5x5?summoner_name=AncientCow) so long as:

1. You're 1200+ elo
2. You've played one game since last season

Your elo and win/loss will appear in your profile so long as:

1. You're 1240+ elo (I believe)
2. You've played at least 10 games.

Your elo and win/loss will appear in game lobbies and in other people's friend lists so long as you're 1240+ elo.

So how do u get to 1240 elo?

Win games.

i am 5-0 and i still am not ranked... how can you raise ELO if you dont GET an elo.